Memphis: North America's Logistics Center
With its central location, highly developed infrastructure, growing economy, and depth of logistics and transportation services, Memphis is positioned to claim its right to the title "North America's Logistics Center." When it comes to site selection, Memphis definitely has it all. So why consider bringing your business anywhere else?
It's 11 p.m. and a physician needs a pacemaker for one of his patients. The doctor calls his vendor, Medtronics, a manufacturer of medical technology devices for chronic disease, to find out how soon the pacemaker can be shipped. After getting in touch with its facility in Memphis, Medtronics informs the doctor that he can expect delivery to his office by 10 the next morning.
Not a typical turnaround time for a middle-of-the-night request by any means. But as a manufacturer whose products help save lives, Medtronics understands the need for express shipments. That is why the company has located its operation in Memphis.
"We have the capability to ship medical and lab devices better here than anywhere in the United States," says Dexter Muller, senior vice president of economic development for the Memphis Area Chamber of Commerce.
With the FedEx super hub located at Memphis International Airport, the last call for overnight shipments on packages originating in Memphis is as late as 11:30 p.m. And with its geographic location within 100 miles of the U.S. population center, Memphis is capable of reaching 152 metropolitan markets overnight by truck.
Although one of the area's target industries is "biologistics" (a term the Chamber coined itself), its geographic location and infrastructure position the Memphis region as an ideal distribution site for companies across the board.
Memphis has leveraged its geographic location to emerge as a transportation, distribution, and global logistics hub, and over the last 15 years has clearly earned its reputation as North America's Logistics Center. Served by seven U.S. highways, nearly 200 truck terminals, the world's busiest cargo airport, and two foreign trade zones, and fueled by the presence of the FedEx world headquarters and super hub, the Memphis economy is healthy and diverse.
With more than 89,000 people employed in distribution and related industries, and more than 161 million square feet of distribution space, it is no wonder companies looking to streamline supply chains and consolidate distribution locations look to Memphis.
Take Remington Firearms, a manufacturer of firearms, ammunition and related accessories, as an example. When the company wanted to leverage its transportation and minimize expenses, it made the decision to consolidate its four distribution operations into one facility.
Before choosing the site for its central DC, Remington conducted a transportation study based upon its customer base to determine the location that would best meet its needs. The study concluded that the Memphis area provided the optimum savings from a transportation viewpoint.
The company then selected third-party logistics provider Ozburn-Hessey Logistics to help it secure land for its facility, gain tax incentives for the capital investment, design and construct the facility, install the facility's infrastructure, and run the operation for Remington.
"The close proximity of Memphis to the majority of the U.S. population, its express transportation offerings, and a community that is focused on the development and needs of the distribution industry are all key factors in the growth of distribution operations in the Memphis area," says Randall Coleman, vice president, South Central region, Ozburn-Hessey Logistics. Down to the Wire
Seventy percent of Ozburn-Hessey's business is time-sensitive and requires express delivery. Being in Memphis is a benefit for the 3PL provider because it can reach the majority of the U.S. population within two days by truck.
"Having the FedEx headquarters right here is a huge advantage for us as well," notes Coleman. "Most of our business requires express delivery, and the proximity to the FedEx hub allows us to provide later pickup times for our customers."
In logistics, infrastructure rules and with its impressive transportation network, Memphis reigns supreme. The location of the FedEx super hub has made Memphis International Airport the busiest cargo airport in the world for the past nine years and has helped Memphis emerge as a prime location for companies looking to speed inventory and streamline supply chains.
The real benefit of having a cargo airport in Memphis, notes Muller, "is that it operates at a different time from the passenger airlines. This makes the operation extremely efficient."
In addition to the FedEx hub, Memphis is also home to one of three Northwest Airlines hubs. The two cargo hubs allow the city to offer direct flights to more than 90 cities and operate 300 flights daily.
"The combination of the FedEx and Northwest hubs holds down expenses for everyone," says Muller. "FedEx lands at night and Northwest during the day. This keeps landing fees down and shipping costs low." Plus, the mild Memphis climate means the airport can operate year round without having to shut down for weather.
The real nighttime action in Memphis takes place at the airport, and FedEx is the after-hours expert. "Our largest express hub is in Memphis," says Jo Ferreira, managing director, hub area business development, FedEx Corp. The super hub draws businesses looking for "the super hub advantage" to the area.
"My role is to work directly with companies that want to consider relocating near our hubs," says Ferreira. "This is a long-term, multi-million-dollar investment. If the company makes a wrong decision, a lot of money is on the line. For the companies I work with, one of the top areas for relocation is always Memphis."
With its combination of great air and ground service, notes Ferreira, Memphis is a natural choice for companies looking to consolidate distribution and implement a centralized, hub-based solution.
"The benefit of a facility in close proximity to the FedEx hub is that companies get the longest business day possible," says Ferreira. And those extra hours translate into competitive advantage for businesses smart enough to take advantage of them.
"One thing many people may not realize," adds Ferreira, "is that the Greater Memphis area is highly competitive in terms of incentive programs for businesses." With the FedEx hub and Memphis International Airport near the border of Tennessee and Mississippi, and across the river from Arkansas, all three states compete actively for businesses to locate within their respective boundaries.
"This puts the customer in a very positive negotiating position with regard to incentives," says Ferreira.
Ozburn-Hessey is well aware that in order to attract businesses to Memphis, the area must have the support of the Chamber of Commerce and the capital improvement incentives to ease the financial impact of relocation.
"Selecting Memphis was an obvious choice for us," notes Coleman. "The local Chamber of Commerce has been very proactive in looking at the needs of the industry and focusing on projects that benefit the community and encourage businesses to come to the area."
The PILOT (Payment-In-Lieu-Of-Tax) program, offered through the County Industrial Development Board in Memphis and Shelby County, is just one example of the many incentives the Memphis Chamber offers businesses. The program provides financial incentives to qualifying industries by freezing property tax assessments for a designated term.
When International Paper was considering a relocation of its company headquarters from downtown New York City, it searched for a place that would provide a higher quality of life, lower cost of living, workforce availability, and incentive programs. The company's search led to the natural choice of Memphis. After completing the application for the PILOT Program, International Paper was approved quickly, allowing the company to benefit from a multiple-year tax freeze.
Since its move, International Paper has built two more large office towers and has used the PILOT Program for all its expansions. The company now employs thousands of people in the Memphis area and has saved millions of dollars as a result of these economic incentives.
Robust Incentive Programs This success story is not unusual for the area. In fact, most companies that relocate in Memphis can benefit from economic incentives. Whether it is in Memphis, or across the border in Desoto, Miss., robust incentive programs in the region contribute to keeping industrial real estate companies such as Panattoni Development Company so busy.
The tri-state region of Tennessee, Arkansas, and Mississippi is an area Panattoni Development Company knows well. Specializing in the development and construction of large industrial distribution and manufacturing buildings throughout the United States, Panattoni has developed more than 10 million square feet in Memphis over the past nine years, and has accumulated a land bank of more than 1,000 acres in the Memphis-North Mississippi market area.
Al Andrews, local area partner for Panattoni's Memphis and Northern Mississippi regional office, cites Shelby County in Southeast Memphis and Desoto, Miss., directly across the state line, as the areas where most industrial development in the region has taken place.
"Our buildings are on average more than 400,000 square feet with 42-foot ceiling heights," he says. "That's the product we specialize in. Memphis attracts users of big box warehouses because it is geographically situated in a very central point for distribution." Roadway to the World A major reason companies are developing more big box warehouses in Memphis is the highly developed ground transportation infrastructure. Memphis boasts the convergence of seven U.S. highways within its borders, two of which travel from coast to coast.
"We are at the focal point at the north and south borders to Interstates 55 and 40, which run coast to coast," notes Muller. The region is also positioned to capitalize on ground transportation between Canada and Mexico -- two of the biggest U.S. trading partners.
"Two new interstates are coming into Memphis in the near future," says Muller. "Interstate 69, which is referred to as the NAFTA highway, connects Mexico and Canada, a corridor which accounts for 40 percent of all manufacturing in the country. The second, Interstate 22, is being built and improved in Alabama. It will be a good southeast connection for the region, connecting Memphis to Birmingham and Birmingham to Atlanta."
These connecting sections of the Interstate are expected to be completed and open to traffic some time in 2008.
The expansion of its highway system will make moving freight into and out of Memphis even more efficient for companies such as LTL carrier ABF Freight System.
"We provide seamless coverage throughout the continental United States, serving most locations in three days or less," says Don Henley, ABF's regional vice president.
The Memphis location offers ABF advantages it does not have in its other service centers. "Memphis is on a short list of true multi-modal cities," says Henley. "There's the Mississippi River for barge traffic, the confluence of interstate highways from all points on the compass, and the world's busiest airfreight hub." With the junction of Tennessee, Arkansas, and Mississippi in Memphis, says Henley, "small manufacturers in all three states benefit from having a major distribution center without the overhead." The Real Estate Boom One company closely tapped into the pulse of Memphis' distribution community is Belz Enterprises, a Memphis-based multi-faceted real estate company that has shared in Memphis' growth with more than 20 major industrial facilities in its portfolio. Whether the need is for air, road, rail or river transportation, from the beginning Belz has been closely associated with industrial developments and warehouse distribution throughout Memphis and surrounding areas.
Belz's industrial parks offer a range of location opportunities in the area. Rivergate's 425 acres serve as a cornerstone to Memphis' rapidly developing industrial area with all the amenities one would expect from a major port. Rivergate is the largest privately owned and developed multi-use industrial port on the U.S. inland waterway system. The development is one mile from a full highway interchange at Interstate 55 where more than 100 truck lines are home based.
Memphis will continue to see an increased demand for modern industrial space, according to Andrew Groveman, senior vice president, Belz Enterprises. "Because of our position as America's distribution center, Memphis is poised to see continued growth," he says. "As a result, many companies entering the Memphis market will require the advanced warehouse and manufacturing developments that can be found in our portfolio."
Global Material Services (GMS), which is 50 percent owned by Belz Enterprises, recognizes the area's intermodal facilities as a strategic advantage in providing efficient distribution. GMS has three river terminal/warehouse/logistics operations in the Memphis area with two on Presidents Island in Memphis and one in West Memphis, Ark.
The location of these terminals has been a tremendous benefit for GMS. "The Mississippi River provides a slack water harbor for safe and efficient barge loading and unloading operations," notes Thomas Murphree, vice president of market and business development for Global Material Services. "Five Class I railroads serve Memphis and all have access to Presidents Island. A large number of flat bed and van trucking companies serve the area as well."
GMS has used Memphis' solid foundation to grow into one of the largest and most diversified warehouse and logistics companies in the Inland Waterway System. It now operates 28 terminals domestically and internationally.
But when it comes to infrastructure, Memphis is not a city content to rest on its laurels. The Chamber is looking into the development of an intermodal north bridge crossing of the Mississippi River to serve trains, trucks, and passenger vehicles.
"We have secured approximately $1 million in grant funds to undertake this effort, which began in March," says Muller. The Chamber is conducting a study, which will be completed next year, to determine the impact and cost of the bridge. Muller foresees the construction of the new bridge taking place in the near future. The New Face of Intermodal With so many port offerings in the region, Fullen Dock and Warehouse is also positioned to take advantage of the inland waterway barge lines in Memphis. Until last March, intermodal containers were not really intermodal, when it came to moving them around the interior of North America, notes Larry Chalk, Fullen Dock's terminal manager. They shipped by rail, truck and intracoastal vessels, but almost never by cost-efficient waterway barge lines.
Memphis-based Fullen Dock is changing all that, however, with its agreement to provide container-on-barge terminal services for regional ocean and inland waterway container service provider, Osprey Line.
"Traditionally, cheap fuel and clear highways have kept container freight moving by road or rail," notes Chalk. "But the rising cost of diesel and traffic congestion have many supply chain managers rethinking the container-on-barge strategy. We're proud to be on the leading edge of this trend."
By increasing the use of waterways, container-on-barge shipping also relieves truck and rail congestion. "A tugboat pushing a container-on-barge shipment is seven times less polluting than trucking the containers," says Rick Couch, president of Osprey Line. As an Osprey terminal, Fullen Dock offers full depot level container services with warehouse storage and transfer. "The Memphis market offers a significant growth opportunity for our company," he says.
The partnership between Osprey Line and Fullen Dock closely parallels a cooperative marketing agreement forged last year between the Port of Greater Baton Rouge, the Port of Shreveport-Bossier, and the International Port of Memphis.
"The advent of the short sea shipping service and moving containers on barges to and from Memphis will complement the current intermodal activities of this region," says Don McCrory, executive director of the Port of Memphis.
The International Port of Memphis occupies a large portion of the Tennessee and Arkansas sides of the Mississippi River. It is the second- largest inland port on the lower Mississippi and the fourth-largest in the nation. The national leader in inland handling of foreign import tonnage, the port is recognized as one of the fastest-growing ports of entry by U.S. Customs.
FedEx, the biggest name in the city when it comes to supply chain management, is also committed to investing in the growth of the community. Aside from the advantages associated with the FedEx super hub, the shipping giant has invested in the University of Memphis with the recent opening of the FedEx Institute of Technology, home of the FedEx Center for Supply Chain Management.
The Center is widely known for research on such I.T.-related issues as RFID tags and applied complex decision modeling. But its academicians are still mindful of the industry responsible for Memphis' very existence.
"We also study the transition points within the supply chain -- the physical and data connections between transportation modes and storage -- and look for opportunities to improve the system," says Dr. Brian Janz, assistant director of the Center for Supply Chain Management.
Part of the Institute's success comes from the faculty's deep-rooted interest in what it does. "We look at the research projects we conduct as applied research," says Ernie Nichols, director of the FedEx Center for Supply Chain Management. "If we do it right, we can publish the results of our work and impact the entire industry. The consulting we do provides great value to our clients and at a fraction of the cost of most consulting firms."
The work the Center does, however, benefits more than just its clients. "When we deal with a business problem, the faculty gets real-world experience that they then bring back into the classroom," notes Nichols. This hands-on experience strengthens them as professors and helps contribute to a more experienced and educated workforce for the community.
Additional FedEx investments in the Greater Memphis area include a $1.8-billion network expansion plan taking shape in the form of a new 93-acre package distribution hub in Olive Branch, Miss. The 330,000-square-foot facility, to be located in the DeSoto Distribution Center, will be the second major FedEx Ground sortation center in the Memphis area. When it opens in 2006, the new hub will feature the latest automated material handling technology, which is designed to process 30,000 packages per hour.
The company's current hub in Memphis hasn't been left out of the action either. The facility recently underwent a $23-million, 47,000-square-foot expansion. The project included the installation of the most advanced material handling systems, increased the number of pickup and delivery van positions from 40 to 72, and brought the facility's total size to 233,000 square feet.
This ongoing construction, coupled with a skilled workforce, highly developed transportation network, and Memphis' notoriety as the warehouse and distribution hub of the country all contribute to bringing tremendous growth into the Memphis area, notes Calvin Ozier, president of UWT Logistics.
"We streamline customers' supply chains by helping them considerably reduce inventory costs. Because they can turn product so quickly here in Memphis, they do not have to hold as much inventory. This enables them to significantly reduce costs on an annual basis," he adds.
Being in Memphis has allowed UWT Logistics to better serve its customers. "In Memphis we have plenty of space available for warehousing and distribution. Our workforce is geared to the operations of 3PLs -- pick, pack, ship and high labor activities -- and the Memphis area supports those activities very well," says Ozier.
With the region's staggering growth, Memphis is no longer the country's best-kept secret when it comes to distribution and logistics.
"Every week when I pick up the paper," notes Ozier, "I see new development of one-million-plus square-foot facilities going on, and I read about companies continuing to invest millions and millions of dollars in strategies that will encourage supply chain logistics in this area."
As a result of this growth, he adds, the rates for warehouse and storage rental are very competitive. "There is so much space available that businesses get a lot for their money," Ozier says.
Joining a Growing Market Getting in when the market is good is something real estate and logistics solutions provider Meritex Enterprises knows a little something about. The company has run its operation in Memphis since 1995.
"We purchased this facility because it was a growing distribution market and a place where we thought our business could thrive," recalls Greg Johnson, senior vice president of Meritex. As specialists in food and grocery accounts, Meritex relies on its Memphis facility to provide customers with prime coverage of the mid South. The company can reach most markets easier from Memphis than anywhere else.
"Memphis is a good market for distribution and logistics," says Johnson, "because freight costs and real estate prices are reasonable. The real estate market has shown tremendous growth in the 10 years that we have been here."
One of the oldest distribution companies in the mid South, Patterson Warehouses, was founded in 1856 and carried mail during the Civil War. The company has since evolved into a 3PL provider leasing 50,000- to 200,000-square-foot warehouses to small and mid-sized companies.
Patterson's Memphis operation has allowed the company to provide its customers with increased flexibility and lease terms regarding their real estate commitments.
"We can help customers reduce handling costs by providing variable labor costs as opposed to fixed labor costs," says Buzz Fly, Patterson's sales and marketing manager. "Many of our customers have seasonal and promotional peaks throughout the year that we gear up for on a temporary basis," he adds. "Utilizing a 3PL is more cost effective for them than it would be to have a complete staff."
Buzz Fly credits the proximity of Memphis to the FedEx headquarters as a prime advantage of the area. "Being able to offer JIT distribution and reduce the service time for customers in receiving goods has been instrumental in our operations and our customers' operations."
Another advantage of the area is the cost-effective inbound container rates Memphis is able to provide. "Because of the location of the railroads," says Fly, "the containers come in on a straight line all the way from Long Beach, Calif., right into Memphis. Memphis is one of the only cities in the country with six Class I railroads, and being in this hub allows us to take advantage of these excellent inbound container rates."
Once businesses come to Memphis, they tend to stick around. "Our history is deeply rooted in Memphis," says Donna Lemm, director of business development for Mallory Alexander International Logistics. As a fourth-generation, privately held company, whose owners were born and raised in Memphis, Mallory Alexander International Logistics has made this city home for more than 75 years and is clearly in Memphis to stay.
"Memphis offers a natural gateway for customer shipments moving anywhere in the world," notes Lemm. "We have such a strong rail infrastructure here, supported by all the major railroads. We also have a solid trucking community to support full container loads and LCL shipments. And we are strongly supported by FedEx and the ability to send shipments overnight. Memphis offers us the best suppliers of all transportation modes at our fingertips."
More recently, the opening of a UPS hub in Memphis has further contributed to the area's air and ground shipping offerings. "Businesses are drawn to Memphis, especially if they are in the small parcel business or order fulfillment," says Cliff Lynch, principal of CF Lynch and Associates, a logistics and site selection consultancy based in Memphis.
"Being right next to the UPS and FedEx hubs is significant because companies can pick up almost one entire additional shift at night in their facilities and still be able to take product out of the hub as late as midnight to get next-day delivery," Lynch says.
In comparison, Lynch notes the cutoff time for next-day delivery in Atlanta is 8 p.m. "In Memphis you get an extra four hours of order picking time," says Lynch. "And in this customer-focused industry, four hours can be very important."
Providing What Customers Need
Purchased Parts Group is keenly aware of the benefits associated with extra time when serving its customers. From its roots as a bolt and fastener manufacturer and distributor in 1957, Memphis-based Purchased Parts Group has evolved through the years into a supply chain company.
Many of Purchased Parts customers are still fastener related, however, and they need to know that as they require parts, the company will be able to provide them on an emergency basis. Being in Memphis allows the company to provide its customers with the parts they need, many times overnight.
"Our location, adjacent to the FedEx facility, enables us to make emergency shipments well into the evening for arrival at our customers' doors first thing in the morning," notes Jim Nelson, vice president and general manager of Purchased Parts.
Nelson has watched the region evolve into the distribution hub of North America and doesn't see the growth slowing down any time soon.
"I think Memphis is awakening to its potential," says Nelson. "You can see the rebirth of the downtown community and the industry's contribution to the quality of life here."
Apart from the transportation network, world-class infrastructure, and prime geographic location, inherent to Memphis is its deep-rooted southern hospitality.
For Katt Worldwide Logistics' CEO and President Mike Kattawar, it's the Memphis charm (and perhaps even the barbeque) that keeps his customers sticking around.
"The culture, the community, and the spirit of Memphis play a big part in the way we do business with our customers," says Jerry Kattawar, executive vice president of Katt Worldwide Logistics. "The city attracts great employers and skilled employees. More than the center of distribution for the world, Memphis is just a great place to be." |
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